CONCLUSION.
By example of benzene molecule is shown that the principle of quantum
superposition, and hence the quantum mechanics in general is in
insurmountable conflict with the resonance theory. And so the assumption
is that real benzene molecule (resonance hybrid) that is a cross between
a resonance structures is genius chemical assumption, though not
strictly from the standpoint of quantum mechanics, but that made it
possible to qualitatively and quantitatively describe the benzene
molecule, which could not represent a single formula. This example
clearly shows that in fundamental matters of chemistry did not reducible
to physics, here there is a ”chemical” highlight. And yet, the same L.
Pauling’s resonance theory literally changed the chemistry, had a
profound influence on the minds of chemists (I’m not talking about the
pedagogical impact of resonance theory), and for a long time is not a
textbook on organic chemistry where there are no resonance theory.
Nevertheless it should be noted that when complication of the molecule
(pyridine, naphthalene, anthracene, and so on) quantitative calculations
becomes difficult (for the correct calculation of naphthalene is
necessary to consider of about 40 resonance structures) and therefore
started to use the MO method.