INTRODUCTION.
The basis of mathematical apparatus of quantum mechanics constitutes
assertion that the state of a quantum system can be described by a
certain function of the coordinates ψ (q) called a wave function (the
square of the modulus of this function determines the probability
distribution of coordinate values) [1]. In the L. Pauling’s
resonance theory [2, 3], the wave function ψ is used to describe the
distribution of electrons in molecules and especially illustrative is
example of benzene molecule. Therefore, the resonance theory (on the
example of the benzene molecule) can be analyzed from the point of
quantum mechanics using the principle of quantum superposition.