INTRODUCTION.
The basis of mathematical apparatus of quantum mechanics constitutes assertion that the state of a quantum system can be described by a certain function of the coordinates ψ (q) called a wave function (the square of the modulus of this function determines the probability distribution of coordinate values) [1]. In the L. Pauling’s resonance theory [2, 3], the wave function ψ is used to describe the distribution of electrons in molecules and especially illustrative is example of benzene molecule. Therefore, the resonance theory (on the example of the benzene molecule) can be analyzed from the point of quantum mechanics using the principle of quantum superposition.