Human health is burdened by diverse range diseases, particularly chronic diseases. Free radicals and other oxidants are implicated in development of those diseases as free radicals induced oxidative stress. The antioxidants are salient substances that involve maintaining a normal long life by scavenging the free radicals in the body. Phycocyanin is free radicals’ scavenger with ability to find and tackle the side effects of free radicals; the phycocyanin also possesses other physiological and pharmaceutical properties. This research aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of TiO2 nanoparticles, and reduced graphene oxide titanium dioxide nanoparticles (herein after referred to rGO-TiO2 nanoparticles) under visible light conditions to boost the accumulation of phycocyanin in Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis (FACHB-314) cells. The experimental results indicated that the both nanoparticles exhibited high phycocyanin content accumulation compared to the control group. Under optimized visible light conditions of 165 μmol/m2/s wavelength and continuous lighting with white lights, the phycocyanin content of 80.3 mg/g and maximum yield of phycocyanin production were 97.16 mg/L in the rGO-TiO2 nanoparticles culture; 55.7 mg/g and 81.88 mg/L in the TiO2 nanoparticles culture, compared to 75.5 mg/g and 81.86 in the control culture. The maximum dry weight biomass cells were observed under the control group compared the experimental conditions. These research results indicate that rGO-TiO2 nanoparticles have potential commercial applications due to the excellent properties, and can be used in A. platensis and other microalgae cultivation to optimize productivity.

Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) and chronic hepatitis C association have been widely discussed. Here, we presented a case of extensive, erosive OLP in a hepatitis C virus-positive patient for whom clinical management was challenging. Full remission was obtained after topical corticosteroid application and several sessions of oral cavity sanitation.

Restoration of natural secondary forests and afforestation of introduced tree species are major effective measures for revegetation. The semi-arid Loess Plateau region, characterized by fragile ecosystems and severe soil erosion, is a key area for ecological restoration and protection in China. To illustrate water use characteristics and adaptation to drought in the main forests in this area, we monitored the xylem sap flow of two typical forest communities, a secondary natural forest dominated by oak ( Quercus liaotungensis) and a pure plantation of black locust ( Robinia pseudoacacia), during 2011‒2019 using Granier-type thermal dissipation probes. Solar radiation, air temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, and soil water content were measured simultaneously. Throughout the whole study period, the mean diameter at breast height and total sapwood area increased by 4.5 cm and 1.10 m 2 ha -1 in the oak forest and by 1.0 cm and 0.22 m 2 ha -1, respectively, in the black locust plantation. The monthly stand transpiration was jointly determined by phenological and meteorological factors. At the annual timescale, transpiration of the oak stand was significantly correlated with potential evapotranspiration and rainfall in the previous year, whereas a significant positive relationship was detected between stand transpiration and soil water content in the black locust stand. The analyses of differences between dry and wet years showed that, the oak forest exhibited significantly different parameters in the regression analysis of stand transpiration to vapor pressure deficit. While only one parameter was clearly distinct in the black locust plantation, suggesting that its transpiration status did not fully recover even in wet years. The management of black locust plantations with weakened growth conditions should be adjusted under prolonged drought conditions. In contrast, oak forest can maintain the water balance and stable growth by efficiently controlling stomatal behavior.

This paper presents the hydrologic modelling of Thuthapuzha sub-basin of Bharathapuzha river basin for efficient water management practices using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT 2012) model. The objectives of the research were to apply Geographic Information System(GIS) and SWAT model for simulation of water discharge with input data including: Digital Elevation Model(DEM), landcover of and soil map. The SWAT 2012 model is interfaced with ArcGIS. The model was also calibrated from 2005 to 2008 and validated from 2009 to 2011 using SWAT CUP SUFI-2 Algorithm. The study shows that SWAT model is a capable tool for simulating hydrologic components of Thuthapuzha sub-basin.

Perai River has been recognized as an additional raw water resource for Penang state. Inadequate waste management can lead to river pollution. River water contamination with metals such as light and heavy metals and metalloid is a global concern that negatively impacts human, plant and aquatic life. Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate the potential sources and impacts of toxic metals at downstream of the Perai River basin. There were 15 sampling points located at possible pollution sources and a sample at the river outfall. In the dry season, samples were taken in two different tidal: low and high tide. According to spatial distribution analysis, Al and Hg levels were observed to be higher than the standard limits during low tide. Meanwhile, Al, As, Hg and Se were significant during high tide. Significant contamination of Al was noticeable upstream during low and even high tide. Pollution of Al and Hg may have started beyond the research zone, as the concentrations were highest upstream during low tide. As was high in certain areas and Se started high at the outfall during high tide. The concentrations gradually decreased to upstream. It concluded that Al, Hg, and As pollution comes from anthropogenic and Se from seawater intrusion. Al and As highest concentrations exceeded the chronic value for aquatic life. Yet, Hg gave a threatening concentration value to plants and aquatic life. Government authorities must take steps to resolve this issue in order to protect the river ecosystem and prevent human health problems.

The Information centric networks (ICN) transforms the focal point of current Internet paradigm to data centric approach from host centric approach by allowing content driven forwarding and in-network caching mechanisms. Though NDN (Named data networking) paradigm of ICN assures a secure content communication, it is vulnerable to different attacks by the malicious nodes. To minimize the hazards from compromised nodes and to improve the network security, the remaining nodes should transparently receive information about such nodes. This will restrict the forwarding strategy to exploit these malicious nodes for forwarding interest and content as well. Our protocol introduces a dynamic model for prediction of trust in order to evaluate the node trust. Proposed approach observes the historical behaviors of node and uses extended fuzzy logic rules for the prediction of future behaviors to evaluate the node’s trust value. This prediction model is incorporated within the trust based forwarding mechanism that aims to forward interest through secure and shortest path. The extensive simulation study has been carried out to analyze the protocol performance in ns-3 driven ndnSIM-2.0 simulator for performance metrics such as data discovery latency, packet delivery ratio, network overhead, detection ratio and cache hit ratio. When we integrate our trust joint forwarding strategy to state-of-the-art protocols, their performance is significantly improved up to approximately 10-35% against stated performance measures for realistic network topology.

We herein demonstrate the biogenic nanoarchitechtonics of silver nanoparticles template over chitosan/starch mixed hydrogel having excellent reducing ability. The two biopolymers also had the capacity to stabilize as-synthesized Ag NPs. Physicochemical and structural features of the nanocomposite biomaterial was assessed by several techniques like FT-IR, SEM, TEM, EDX and XRD. TEM study revealed the mean diameter of the spherical shaped Ag NPs/CS-Starch material was in the range of 5-15 nm. Thereafter, the Ag NPs/CS-Starch bio-composite material was exploited in the study of cytotoxicity and anti-leukemia effects against diverse leukemia cell lines like acute myeloid leukemia (32D-FLT3-ITD and Human HL-60/vcr), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (MOLT-3 and TALL-104), and acute T cell leukemia (Jurkat, Clone E6-1 and J.RT3-T3.5) in situ. Interestingly, the nano-drug could resist significantly against those cell lines in a time and concentration-dependent manner, assessed by MTT method. The corresponding IC50 values of the bio-composite were 203, 301, 250, 227, 102, and 193 µg/mL respectively against the cell lines. Furthermore, antioxidant potential of the material was investigated by DPPH radical scavenging method. A significantly high IC50 value suggested the high antioxidant capacity of Ag NPs/CS-Starch nanomaterial.

Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome (SRUS) is a rare benign rectal disorder. Due to its rare occurrence, it is not properly diagnosed and is often misdiagnosed with other diseases. In this report, we present a case of a polypoid solitary rectal ulcer presented by rectal bleeding and chronic constipation.

The dimensional stability of ceiling boards produced from gypsum reinforced with natural fibres was assessed. Twenty-seven (27) medium board density of 600kg/m 3 having dimension 200 x 200 x 10mm were produced from Plaster of Paris (POP) at four different mixing proportion of 100%, 75%, 50% and 25% of Cocos nucifera, Thaumatococcus danielli and yarns. Water absorption (WA) and thickness swelling (TS) properties of the experimental boards were assessed after 24 and 48 hours using standard methods. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis and analysis of variance. Boards obtained from different mixing proportion of gypsum, natural and synthetic fibres displayed water absorption values which ranged from 4.18 to 26.01% and thickness swelling values of 1.11 to 3.6%. The percentage of WA and TS reduces as the percentage of natural fibres to synthetic fibres increases. The results show that it is possible to make boards from natural fibres because the results compared favourably with the results of the boards from conventional fibres.

We built a molecular-level kinetic model for hydrocarbon catalytic cracking, incorporating the catalyst acidity as the parameter to estimate the reaction rates. The n-decane and 1-hexene co-conversion catalytic cracking process was chosen as the studying case. The reaction network was automatically generated with a computer-aided algorithm. A modified linear free energy relationship was proposed to estimate the activation energy in a complex reaction system. The kinetic parameters were initially regressed from the experimental data under various reaction conditions. On this basis, the product composition was evaluated for three catalytic cracking catalysts with different Si/Al. The Bronsted acid and Lewis acid as the key catalyst properties were correlated with the kinetic parameters. The built model can calculate the product distribution, and molecular composition at different reaction conditions for different catalysts. The sensitive study shows that it will facilitate the model-based optimization of catalysts and reaction conditions according to product demands.

Mo-based catalysts are widely used for the SO2 hydrogenation process. However, the detailed reaction mechanism is still unclear and some details should be further supplemented. In this paper, the SO2 hydrogenation processes over the Mo-based catalyst were systematically studied. Several technologies including temperature-programmed experiments, isotope-tracing experiment, FTIR spectra and switching experiment were adopted to investigate the reaction steps. The results indicated that during the SO2 hydrogena

A series of hierarchically porous ZIF-8 materials or films or structures or suspensions or nanoparticles (SPECIFY WHAT DID YOU MAKE) were synthesized with sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) as the template of mesopores and macropores. These samples werecharacterized by XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption, SEM, TEM and TGA, and assessedby selective CO2 adsorption. The as-synthesized ZIF-8 was lamellar with mesopores and macropores penetrating the layers, and the meso-macroporous porosity could be finely tuned by changing the SDS concentration. Compared with conventional microporous ZIF-8, the present hierarchically porous ZIF-8 had larger CO2 adsorption capacity and higher CO2/N2 adsorption selectivity because its mesopores and macropores promote efficient CO2 diffusion and increase the accessible CO2 adsorption sites. Moreover, the as-synthesized hierarchically ZIF-8 showed good thermal stability, as high as 753K, indicating promising industrial applications. The method proposed here opens a new route to synthesizing micro-meso-macroporous ZIF-8 with tunable porosity.

Myelodysplastic/ myeloproliferative overlap syndrome with ring sideroblasts and thrombocytosis (MDS/MPN-RS-T) is a rare myeloid neoplasm showing myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative features. With extremely raised platelets, possibility of acquired Von Willebrand and risk of hemorrhage is increased. With this quandary in mind, a descriptive case and a discussion of available treatments ensues

Lipschütz ulcers are genital ulcerations that occur infrequently in girls and young women and are often mistaken for genital herpes simplex lesions despite lack of sexual exposure or contact with oral cold sores. They appear to be caused by an immune response to the Epstein-Barr virus or other organisms, resulting in a type III hypersensitivity reaction. All too often, despite negative HSV cultures, the patient is not believed and some sort of sexual or other genital contact is assumed to have taken place.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of Bartholin’s gland (BG-ACC) is a rare vulvar carcinoma which has its own unique characteristics, such as growing slow, local invasion, perineural infiltration and high local recurrence rates. Signs and symptoms are nonspecific. Perineural invasion may be the reason for causing pain and high recurrence rates. There is no consensus on treatments. We collect all current literatures about BG-ACC to summarize the clinical features, histological features and treatment options. Surgery is the cornerstone of treatments. Adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy may be beneficial in case of distant metastasis. We also need more research in molecular targeting therapy.

It is common practice in the development of bioprocesses to genetically modify a microorganism and study a large number of resulting mutants in order to select the ones that perform best for use at the industrial scale. At industrial scale, strict nutrient-controlled growth conditions are imposed to control the metabolic activity and growth rate of the microorganism, thereby enhancing the expression of the product of interest. Although it is known that microorganisms that perform best under these strictly controlled conditions are not the same as the ones that perform best under uncontrolled batch conditions, screening, and selection is predominantly performed under batch conditions. Tools that afford high throughput on the one hand and dynamic control over cultivation conditions on the other hand are not yet available. Microbioreactors offer the potential to address this problem, resolving the gap between bioprocess development and industrial scale use. In this review, we highlight the current state-of-the-art of microbioreactors that offer the potential to screen microorganisms under dynamically controlled conditions. We classify them into: (i) microtiter plate-based platforms, (ii) microfluidic chamber-based platforms, and (iii) microfluidic droplet-based platforms. We conclude this review by discussing the opportunities of nutrient-fed microbioreactors in the field of biotechnology.

BACKGROUND: Fetal growth is a vital determinant of quality of life at birth and is the most important factor for perinatal morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE: this study is expected to obtain normal data on fetal growth depending on biometric variations based on Minangkabau ethnic. DESIGN: Analytical study with cross sectional design SETTING Fetomaternal clinic Hospital M. Djamil Padang and Network Hospital in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine Andalas University POPULATION OR SAMPLE: Pregnant women who came to check their pregnancy at the Fetomaternal clinic at M. Djamil Hospital Padang and a network hospital METHODS: Analytical study MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The multivariate analysis with linear regression, a significant value that the simultaneous measurement of biometric variables (BPD, HC, AC, FL, HL) on the LMP RESULTS: 520 pregnant women who came to check at 3rd trimester (28-40 weeks by US). The characteristics of the research subjects were the average age of pregnant women ranging from 21-39 years with the average was 28.49 ± 4.5 years, parity 1 as many as 203 people (46,7%), and the average level of education at senior high school as many as 431 people (82,9%), and there were 123 working pregnant women (42,5%). Based on the Pearson analysis, Correlation between of each variable BPD, HC, AC, FL, and HL to LMP, there is the strongest correlation LMP and AC, which is r = 0,799 and the weakest correlation LMP and HL is r = 0,162, for all variables is very significant.

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I n vestigating causal relationships between Asthma Phenotypes and Risks for COVID-19Shu Ran1, 2*, Xin-Hong Qiu1, Bao-Lin Liu1, 21 School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China.2 Shidong Hospital Affiliated to University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China.* CorrespondenceShu Ran, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China.Shidong Hospital Affiliated to University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China.Email: shuran@usst.edu.cnThese authors contributed equally: Shu Ran and Xin-Hong Qiu.Dear Editor,We read with interest the study recently published by Lauren et al.1 They found that asthma is not a risk factor for more severe COVID-19 disease. Allergic asthmatics were protected from hospitalization with COVID-19. Lower levels of eosinophil counts were associated with a more severe COVID-19 disease trajectory. Additionally, some studies reported that the prevalence of asthma in patients with COVID-19 is lower than expected, suggesting that having asthma may be a protective effect.2 3However, inconsistent associations between asthma and COVID-19 disease have been observed in epidemiology studies.4 The causality of the association between asthma and COVID-19 has not been established. It is difficult to infer causal effects only from observational studies because of confounding. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis is widely used to assess the presence of causal relationships between genetic variants and selected outcome and is not prone to confounding biases and reverse causality.Here, we performed MR analysis for the association of asthma phenotypes and three levels of COVID-19 to validate the authors’ findings. MR was conducted with inverse variance weighted (IVW), single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at P < 5 × 10−8 were selected as instrumental variables. The linkage disequilibrium threshold was set to r2 = 0.001 within a distance of 10,000 kb.We used data from IEU OpenGWAS project (https://www.mrbase.org/),5developed at the MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, including information on asthma (GWAS ID: ukb-b-18113, including 53,598 cases vs. 409,335 controls), allergic diseases (GWAS ID: ebi-a-GCST005038, including 180,129 cases vs. 180,709 controls), eosinophil counts (GWAS ID: bbj-a-20, including 62,076 samples; GWAS ID: ebi-a-GCST90002301, including 8,142 samples), allergic asthma (GWAS ID: finn-b-ALLERG_ASTHMA, including 4,859 cases vs. 135,449 controls), non-allergic asthma (GWAS ID: finn-b-NONALLERG_ASTHMA, including 3,709 cases vs. 135,449 controls) and hayfever allergic rhinitis or eczema (GWAS ID: ukb-a-447, including 77,891 cases vs. 258,891 controls). Genetic association estimates for COVID-19 were obtained from release 7 of the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative GWAS.6 Three COVID-19 traits were selected: Covid vs. population, which included 159,840 cases versus 2,782,977 controls; Hospitalized covid vs. population, which included 44,986 cases versus 2,356,386 controls; Very severe respiratory confirmed covid vs. population, which included 18,152 cases versus 1,145,546 controls. All summary data used in this work are publicly available.The MR analyses showed that asthma was associated with decreased risk for either severe COVID-19 (OR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.22-0.91, P = 0.028) or hospitalized COVID-19 (OR = 0.56, 95% CI 0.35-0.90, P = 0.017). There were consistent evidences that higher levels of eosinophil counts could lower the risk of COVID-19 (OR = 0.94, 95% CI 0.90-0.99, P = 0.02), hospitalized COVID-19 (OR = 0.81, 95% CI 0.71-0.93 P = 3.0E-03) and severe COVID-19 (OR = 0.68, 95% CI 0.49-0.94, P = 0.022). Allergic asthma and non-allergic asthma raised the risk for COVID-19 (OR = 1.04, 95% CI 1.00-1.08, P = 0.02 for allergic asthma; OR = 1.04, 95% CI 1.00-1.08, P = 0.039 for non-allergic asthma). The MR analyses showed that hayfever allergic rhinitis or eczema could lower the risk of hospitalized COVID-19 (OR = 0.68, 95% CI 0.52-0.88, P = 3.5E-03) and severe COVID-19 (OR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.44-0.97, P = 0.034) (Table 1).In the study, we found that asthma may be a causal protective factor for the incidence of severe COVID-19 and hospitalized COVID-19. The higher levels of eosinophil counts is a protective factor for COVID-19 disease. The mechanism is not fully known, may be due to the protective effects of ongoing inflammatory responses against the of COVID-19 disease.Table 1: Mendelian Randomization Analysis Estimate of Associated between Asthma and COVID-19 Disease with Use of IVW Method.

With the economic and military development of today’s era, more and more fields have higher and higher requirements for the positioning accuracy of underwater vehicles. In order to solve the optimization of long baseline trajectory smoothing, the intersection algorithm of simplified model and the optimization algorithm based on redundant measurement-Gaussian Newton method are studied, the comparison between Kalman prediction and alpha prediction and smoothing optimization algorithm in the Ca and CV states, and the Kalman filtering, alpha filtering and interactive multi-model (IMM) filtering algorithm in the maneuvering state, simulation experiments show that the IMM algorithm smoothing effect is better, and the Kalman filter algorithm of the CV model has a small error.

BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus (SARS-CoV-2) infection frequently causes severe and prolonged disease but only few specific treatments are available. We aimed to investigate safety and efficacy of a SARS-CoV-2-specific siRNA-peptide dendrimer formulation (MIR 19 ®) targeting a conserved sequence in known SARS-CoV-2 variants for treatment of COVID-19. METHODS We conducted an open-label, randomized controlled multicenter phase II trial (NCT05184127) evaluating safety and efficacy of inhaled MIR 19 ® (3.7mg and 11.1 mg/day: groups 1 and 2, respectively) in comparison with standard etiotropic drug treatment (group 3) in patients hospitalized with moderate COVID-19. The primary endpoint was the time to clinical improvement according to predefined criteria within 14 days of randomization. RESULTS Patients from group1 had a significantly reduced (median 6 days (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5-7, HR 1.75, P=0.0005) time to clinical improvement compared to patients from group 3 (8 days (95% CI: 7-10). Normalized oxygen saturation (SpO 2>94%) occurred quicker in the group 1 (median 5 days (95% CI: 4–5, HR 1.59, P=0.0033) than in the group 3 (6 days, 95% CI: 5–8). Treatment with MIR 19® was well tolerated and safe. CONCLUSIONS MIR 19 ®, a SARS-CoV-2-specific siRNA-peptide dendrimer formulation is safe and significantly reduces time to clinical improvement in hospitalized moderate COVID-19 patients compared to standard therapy in a randomized controlled trial. MIR 19 ® treatment targets a sequence which is identical in all SARS-CoV-2 variants known so far and hence should be applicable for all of them.

ENTANGLEMENT OF INTERNATIONALIZATION OF BASIC EDUCATION, BRAZILIAN NATIONAL COMMON CORE CURRICULUM (BNCC) AND ENGLISH LANGUAGE

To encode their knowledge, societies without writing have developed memory techniques based on rhythm, narrative, identification, body participation and collective emotion. In On the other hand, with the rise of writing, knowledge could partially detaching from personal identities or collective, become more "critical", aim for a certain objectivity and a theoretical range " universal". It's not just the modes of media-dependent knowledge information and communication techniques. This are also, through cognitive ecologies they condition, the values and criteria of company judgments. But these are recisely the knowledge assessment criteria (in the broadest sense of this term) which are brought into play by the extension of the cyberculture, with the probable decline, already observable, values that prevailed in civilization structured by static writing. Not that these values are called to disappear but rather to become secondary, to lose their power of command.

A feeling of vertigo seizes our contemporaries, torn as they are between this globalization of which they see and sometimes support the manifestations and their quest for roots, references, belonging. Education must face this problem, because it is situated, more than ever, in view of the painful delivery of a global society, at the heart of the development of the person as communities. Its mission is to enable everyone, without exception, to bring to fruition all their talents and all their poten tialities of creation, which implies for everyone the ability to take charge and carry out his personal project.