The aim of the present study is to introduce the concepts of deferred statistically convergence, deferred statistical Cauchy sequence and deferred Cesàro summability in paranormed spaces. We investigate some properties of these concepts and some inclusion relations with examples.

Aluminum alloy materials is an important component material in the safe flight of aircraft. It is very important and necessary to predict the fatigue crack growth between holes of aviation aluminum alloy materials. At present, the investigation on the prediction of the cracks between two holes and multi-holes is a key problem to be solved. Due to the fatigue crack growth test of aluminum alloy plate with two or three holes was carried out by MTS fatigue testing machine, the crack length growth data under different test conditions were obtained. In this paper, support vector regression (SVR) was used to fit the crack data, and the parameters of SVR are optimized by grid search algorithm at the same time. And then the model of SVR to predict the crack length was established. Discussion on the results show that the prediction model is effective. Furthermore, the crack growth between three holes were predicted accurately through the model of the crack law between two holes under the same load form.

In this study, we consider conformable type Coudrey-Dodd-Gibbon-Sawada-Kotera (CDGSK) equation. Three powerful analytical methods are employed to obtain generalized solutions of the nonlinear equation of interest. First, the sub-equation method is used as baseline where generalized closed form solutions are obtained and are exact for any fractional order alpha. Furthermore, Residual power series (RPSM) and q-homotopy (q-HAM) analysis techniques are then applied to obtain approximate solutions. These are possible using some properties of conformable derivative. These approximate methods are very powerful and efficient due to the absence of the need for linearization, discretization and perturbation. Numerical simulations are carried out showing error values, h-curve for q-HAM and the effects of fractional order on the solution profiles.

In this paper, we study the following quasilinear Choquard equations of the form $$\ -\Delta u+V(x)u-\Delta (|u|^{2\alpha})|u|^{2\alpha-2}u=(|x|^{-\mu}\ast G(u))g(u), \ x \ \in R^N,$$ where $1\geq\alpha>\frac{1}{2}$, $V \in C(\mathbb{R}^N, \mathbb{R})$, $g \in C(\mathbb{R}^N, \ \mathbb{R})$. Distinguished from two situations $\lim\limits_{|x|\rightarrow\infty}V(x)=+\infty$ or $\lim\limits_{|x|\rightarrow\infty}V(x)<+\infty$, we research the existence of nontrivial solutions and a sequence of high energy solutions.

The work reported here concerns with study a generalized nonlinear fractional boundary value problems involving $ \vartheta $- fractional derivative in the Riemann-Liouville sense. The existence and uniqueness of positive solutions to the problem at hand are proved. Our discussion relies on the properties of the Green’s function, the upper and lower solutions method, and the classical fixed point theorems in a cone. Moreover, building upper and lower control functions have an effective role in the analysis. Some examples are offered to justify the validity of theoretical findings.

Cracked tooth syndrome is a common well documented condition that many occur due to morphologic, physical and iatrogenic factors. Epidemiologic data revealed that splits or fractures are the third most common cause of tooth loss. Simvastatin allowed a good management for a case suffered from cracked tooth.

This paper discusses a spectral collocation method for numerically solving linear and nonlinear fractal Mobile/Immobile transport model with Caputo and Caputo-Fabrizio fractional derivatives. In the time direction, a finite difference scheme is used to approximate the differential term. Also, for space discretization, we apply the Chebyshev-spectral method. The unconditional stability and convergence of the proposed method are investigated, which provides the theoretical basis of the proposed method for solving the considered equation. Finally, some numerical experiments are considered to examine the efficiency and applicability of it in the sense of accuracy and convergence ratio.

Ecological traps are a challenge to conservation, potentially increasing extinction risk. However, not all traps were made equal. We suggest that sites that usually constitute ecological traps may benefit populations of r-selected species. As a model system we investigate the effects of man-made ephemeral pools such as storm-water catchments on the population dynamics of an r-selected amphibian species, and compare it to a k-selected species. Ephemeral pools may act as breeding sites and habitat for adult individuals however they often desiccate too early for tadpole metamorphosis, leading to offspring mortality. We use agent-based simulations over multi-generational timescales to study a range of ecologically-reasonable parameters. We find that the contribution of traps to population viability, thanks to rare years in which their hydro-period suffices for metamorphosis, exceeds the detrimental effects in other years. Counterintuitively, eliminating such potential traps from the environment may reduce the viability of meta-populations and increase extinction risk.

We experienced refeeding syndrome (RFS) with an eating disorder and distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA). A low body mass is high-risk factors for RFS development. Therefore, frequently measurement of serum phosphorus levels at the initiation of nutrition and rapid administration of phosphate preparations are required to prevent RFS-related organ failure.

Key Clinical Message:Clinicians should recognize the importance of evaluating iron overload in those with alcoholic liver diseases. Markedly elevated serum ferritin levels are a diagnostic clue for secondary hemochromatosis, necessitating the iron depletion therapy.

In December 2019, a novel coronavirus (Sars-CoV-2 ) emerged from Wuhan, Hubei province, China, and has spread worldwide, with more than 4 million confirmed cases[1,2,3]. Available literature on the clinical characteristics and natural history of pediatric patients infected with Sars-CoV-2 is limited and less has been established regarding guidelines for the treatment of immunocompromised pediatric patients. This is a case report on the clinical course and management of a 6 year old female with acute lymphoblastic lymphoma with Sars-CoV-2. The goal is to highlight the need for management guidelines in the care of pediatric cancer patients with Sars-CoV-2.

46, XX male syndrome is a rare disorder of sex development. One-tenth of 46, XX male syndrome is sex-determining region Y (SRY)-negative. We used whole-exome sequencing (WES) analysis associated genes to investigate the underlying genetic etiology of 46, XX male syndrome patients with bone marrow failure with a typical male phenotype. WES reveals SRY and SRY-box family genes were negative. Simultaneously, gene variants were detected in female pathway, testis development, and steroid receptor genes. There are undefined gene variants associated with congenital bone marrow failure. WES proved an efficient diagnostic method toward 46, XX male syndrome patients with hematological disorder.

Cognitive impairment in children with sickle cell disease (SCD) is thought to reflect the complex pathophysiology of the disease. Hydroxyurea (HU) is used in children with SCD to increase fetal hemoglobin (HF), contributing to a decrease in physical symptoms and to potential protection against cerebral microvasculopathy. There has been minimal investigation into the association between HU use and cognition in this population. This study examined the relationship between HU status and cognition in young children with SCD. Neuropsychological data were collected in a prospective study from 38 children with SCD HbSS or HbS/0 thalassaemia ages 4 to 11 years with no history of overt stroke or chronic transfusion. Controlling for hemoglobin, children on HU performed significantly better than children who were not on HU on measures of attention/executive functioning and nonverbal skills. Performance on verbal measures was similar between groups. Though not statistically significant, duration of HU use was positively associated with better performance in all domains. These results provide preliminary evidence that treatment with HU may not only reduce physical symptoms, but may also be protective against cognitive dysfunction in young children with SCD, particularly in regard to attention/executive functioning and nonverbal skills. Replication with larger samples and longitudinal studies are warranted.

Bilateral concomitant inguinal and femoral hernias are very rare. Preoperative examinations may not be able to detect coexisting inguinal hernias. However, laparoscopic surgery can identify these subclinical hernias and repair them appropriately. We report about the use of laparoscopic surgery to repair coexisting bilateral inguinal and femoral hernias.

A 14-year-old girl presented with the rapid growth of bilateral breasts within a year, causing her chest discomfort, and pressure sores in the inframammary fold. Bilateral reduction mammoplasty with free nipple-areola graft was performed. Nine kilograms of breast tissue, accounting for 15% of her total body weight, were excised.

Systemic mastocytosis (SM) can be extremely heterogeneous and its treatment should be highly individualized. We reported a description of clinical management of an aggressive SM characterized at diagnosis by multiple organ involvement. The patient underwent to different lines of treatment, from standard chemotherapy to the novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor midostaurin.

Objective The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of laparotomy and laparoscopy in the treatment of high-risk caesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) and evaluate the optimal treatment measure. Design A retrospective study. Setting Tongji Hospital. Population Two hundred seventy-eight patients with CSP between 2013 and 2018. Methods We compared and analysed the characteristics of laparoscopic and open surgery in the treatment of high-risk CSP and the advantages and disadvantages of different methods of vascular pretreatment. We also systematically evaluated CSP patients undergoing laparoscopic or laparotomic surgery. Results The intraoperative bleeding volume, transfusion rate, and total number of days of hospitalization and postoperative hospitalization were better in the laparoscopy group than in the laparotomy group (p<0.05). There were no differences in factors (β-hCG decrease, reoperation and residual tissue) closely related to surgical success between the two groups. Furthermore, we pretreated blood vessels differently before the operation. The residual tissue, reoperation and intraoperative blood transfusion rates in patients treated with temporary vascular occlusion were better than those in patients treated with permanent vascular occlusion. A systematic review of English literature showed that most of the current studies on CSP are case reports and retrospective analyses (67.74% and 29.03%, respectively), and the sample sizes of these studies are very small. Conclusions This study reveals that laparoscopic surgery is superior to laparotomic surgery in the treatment of high-risk CSP. Patients benefitted from temporary arterial occlusion in both groups. Temporary arterial occlusion with laparoscopic surgery may be the best treatment for high-risk CSP.

Key points: Chondrolaryngoplasty or “tracheal shaving” is cosmetic surgery to reduce the laryngeal prominence in transgender women. Chondrolaryngoplasty represents a challenge in seeking a balance between aesthetics and function: a very conservative resection of the thyroid cartilage may lead to aesthetic dissatisfaction, while excessive resection may destabilize the anterior commissure tendon, causing permanent vocal damage. This was the first study to assess fundamental frequency and GRBAS scale before and after the surgery and there was no permanent vocal change in any of the patients. The midpoint of the height of the thyroid cartilage was a simple, easy to perform and safe parameter to locate and preserve the anterior commissure. Smoothing the edges and flattening the residual laryngeal prominence with a 4 mm diamond burr enabled major remodeling without a temerarious resection. All 15 patients presented a positive variation in the visual analogue score for aesthetic satisfaction, with a mean improvement of 8.6 ± 1.9 out of 10. Chondrolaryngoplasty led to significant aesthetic satisfaction in transgender women. The surgery caused no vocal change.

This study investigates the hydromagnetic stagnation point flow to Casson fluid towards a vertically stretching sheet with convective surface boundary condition. Casson fluid model is used to characterize the non-Newtonian fluid behavior. Using similarity transformation, the governing nonlinear partial differential equations are transformed into coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations which are solved numerically by employing Runge-Kutta Fehlberg integration scheme with shooting technique. Graphical results showing the effects of various thermophysical parameters on the velocity and temperature profiles are presented and discussed quantitatively.

Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) , multidrug resistant (MDR) threatens children undergoing chemotherapy. A previous survey reported increase of bloodstream infections and colonization in a 2 year-observation time. To test the efficacy of the measures put in place , a second survey was performed. Data were collected from 13 Italian pediatric cancer centers of AIEOP network. The colonization rate per 1000 hospitalizations days was 0.5 (0.37-0.65) not different from the 0.48 rate (0.36-0.63) observed previously .Yet the 0.12 rate of bacteriemia (0.07-0.21) compared favorably with the 0.42 (0.31-0.57) observed. The awareness of colonization status allowed reducing CPE related morbidity and mortality.

There is scarce information available in regards to the survival outcome of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in South East Asia regions. Reports on the outcome of High dose therapy followed by autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) were mainly from developed countries. In this study, we present the outcome of NHL patients treated with AHSCT from year 1997 to 2016 in two urban hospitals in Malaysia. A total of 140 patients were identified, majority of whom had B cell lymphoma (54.3%). Majority of patients (89.3%) were in complete remission at AHSCT. The overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) at 3 years were 70.7% and 62.1% respectively. The transplant-related mortality was 3.4%.

A peer reviewed updated version has been publishedhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/21645515.2021.1885281Multiple reports all over the world are hypothesizing a possible relationship between BCG vaccination, and a lesser incidence of and mortality from COVID-191. China is considered as one of the heavily affected countries and it was the first to report COVID-19, the author will examine this hypothesis using China as an example.According to the WHO global tuberculosis report 20192, it’s stated that in 2018, among 180 countries for which data were collected, 153 countries have properly reported administration of BCG vaccination as a standard part of childhood immunization programmes, of which 113 reported coverage of ≥90% (Figure 1). In the same report, China has accomplished a 99% BCG vaccination coverage, to be considered as one of the top countries providing this coverage rate all over the world. Moreover, the reported estimates for the global BCG coverage according to the WHO monitoring system for vaccine-preventable diseases has revealed that BCG vaccination coverage in China to be either 99% or 100% for the years 2009 to 20183. Thus, we may reasonably consider that all children, currently 10 years old or younger and living in China, are efficiently covered and immunized by BCG vaccination.Interestingly, as of the 11th of February, 2020 the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention has reported 416 laboratory-confirmed pediatric cases; aged 0–9 years4. Moreover, another study, published about one month later, has researched 2143 pediatric Chinese patients who were both laboratory-confirmed as well as suspected cases, and concluded that children at all ages appeared susceptible to COVID-19 and it’s also reported that the proportion of severe and critical cases was 10.6 %, 7.3%, 4.2% for the age group of <1, 1-5, 6-10, respectively. Noteworthy, this study has suggested that the majority of COVID-19 pediatric patients were less severe in their medical condition than adults’ cases because children are usually well cared for at home and might have relatively less opportunities to expose themselves to SARS CoV-25.Thus, basing on the above analysis, the author suggests that stating that BCG vaccination could prevent COVID-19 infection should be considered as a myth. Moreover, the author considers stating that countries which have adopted childhood BCG vaccination might be the reason for a lower morbidity or mortality of COVID-19 for adults immunized at birth, should be also considered as another myth, as revealed by the incidence of adults’ morbidity and mortality rates reported in China as well as several other countries that have adopted childhood BCG vaccination. However, BCG vaccination given once a month for three consecutive months has previously showed a benefit against adult upper respiratory tract infections in the elderly6 and it might prove the same benefits against COVID-19 if administered to unimmunized adults or re-administered to previously immunized adults waiting for the results of the undergoing clinical trials7. On the other hand, BCG vaccination might or might not have some ameliorative benefits for immunized children affected by COVID-19 and this suggested positive association is highly unlikely to be properly proved because of multiple confounding factors. Finally, please keep and remain vigilant till the world finds a cure for COVID-19, this is an evidence-based medicine piece of advice.Funding:NoneConflict of interests:NoneFinancial disclosure:None

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common tumor in digestive system with high morbidity and mortality. In this work, three datasets (GSE68468, GSE21510, and GSE9348) were selected from the public GEO database, and the deferentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to CRC were screened out by bioinformatics approach. The GO (gene ontology) analysis on DEGs was carried out and followed by the KEGG (kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes) analysis. Finally, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks of DEGs were respectively constructed by using the STRING database. Our results showed that a total of 849 DEGs in common were identified from the three datasets, including 406 up-regulated genes and 443 down-regulated genes. The GO analysis demonstrated that the DEGs are mainly related to cell division, cell proliferation, cell signaling, and immune response. The KEGG analysis revealed that DEGs are mainly enriched in cell cycle and cell signaling pathway. Based on the PPI network analysis, we identified a total of 86 key genes: 72 up-regulated genes mainly consist of CD and KIF genes while 14 down-regulated genes are mainly composed of various members of CC genes. In particular, we found that the CRC proliferation should be enhanced by the interaction of CDK1 with CDKN3 and KIF15. On the one hand, CRC proliferation is enhanced by over-expressing the CD and KIF genes involving in cell division and cell proliferation. On the other hand, CRC proliferation is strengthened through silencing the expression of the CC genes associated with immune response.

We wish to highlight a new hypothesis, that the early phase of COVID-19 is characterised by non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema (‘leaky lungs’). We hypothesize that COVID-19 complications in lungs might progress through the initial stages of ‘leaky lungs’, to ‘cytokine storm’ and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS ) , with high case fatality rates once ARDS sets in. SARS-CoV spike protein binding to Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 cell membrane receptors with down-regulation of the latter, followed by increased Angiotensin II, has been shown to increase pulmonary vascular permeability, potentially inducing pulmonary oedema. This hypothesis is supported by serial computerised tomographic scan findings on COVID-19 patients from China and post-mortem studies from around the world. Early attention and targeted treatment towards this pathological feature of non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema may be of benefit, and warrants a clinical trial.