INTRODUCTION There is no doubt that the advent of ’attophysics’ opens new perspectives in the study of time resolved phenomena in atomic and molecular physics , the tunneling process and the tunneling time (T-time) in atoms and molecules . Attosecond science concerns primarily electronic motion and energy transport on atomic and molecular scales and is of fundamental interest to physics in general. The time-energy uncertainty relation (TEUR) receives a ‘new breath’ due to the actual problems of quantum information theory and impressive progress of the experimental technique in quantum optics and atomic physics . In my previous work , I showed that using the TEUR (precisely that time and energy are conjugate variables) leads to a nice relation to determine the T-time in good agreement with the experimental finding in the attosecond experiment (for He atom) , (1 attosecond = 10−18 second). The T-time and time itself in quantum mechanics (QM) are controversial, and there is still common opinion that time plays a role essentially different from the role of position in quantum mechanics (although it is not in line with special relativity, ) and that time is a parameter, like a classical Newtonian time quantity, and hence does not obey an ordinary TEUR. Nevertheless, Hilgevoord concluded in his work that when looking to a time operator a distinction must be made between the universal time coordinate t, a c-number like a space coordinate, and the dynamical time variable of a physical system situated in space-time; i.e. clocks. Accordingly in it was shown that the T-time is intrinsic, i.e. dynamically connected to the system (internal clock) after the classification of Busch and (chap. 3). Fortunately, Bauer’s introduction of a self-adjoint dynamical time operator in Dirac’s relativistic quantum theory , supports the results of . In Bauer concluded that the dynamical time operator provides a straightforward explanation (within standard relativistic quantum mechanics) of the T-times, which is measured in the photoionization experiments, compare the discussion in . In this respect, Bauer also rejects the claim of Dodonov that no unambiguous and generally accepted results have been obtained for the time operator . Moreover, Bauer showed that the Mandelstam-Tamm uncertainty associated with the observable $$ largely overestimates the internal time standard uncertainty as already discussed by Kullie . A similar controversial issue to the time issue (and the T-time and TEUR) is the wave-matter duality and the particulate nature of the light , since the Einstein hypothesis of the quanta as a carrier of hν based on the Planck hypothesis of the quantization of the energy E = hν. The term photon was given by G. N. Lewis in 1926 , and indeed the corpuscular hypothesis originally stems from Newton. As we will see in this work, the two issues closely appear in today’s attosecond experiments (ASEs). Indeed, since the appearance of QM time was controversial, the famous example is the Bohr-Einstein weighing _photon box Gedanken experiment (BE-photon-box-GE)_. In I showed with a simple tunneling model that the tunneling in the attosecond experiment is intriguingly similar to the _BE-photon-box-GE_, where the former can be seen as a realization to the later, with the electron as a particle (instead of the photon) and an uncertainty in the energy being determined from the (Coulomb) atomic potential due to the electron being disturbed by the field F, instead of (the photon) being disturbed by the weighting process and, as a result, an uncertainty in the gravitational potential , as shown by the famous proof of Bohr (see for example p. 132) to the uncertainty (or indeterminacy) of time in the _BE-photon-box-GE_ . The T-time and the tunneling process itself in the ASEs are hot debated, and the later is still rather unresolved puzzle. In the (low-frequency) ASEs the idea is to control the electronic motion by laser fields that are comparable in strength to the electric field in the atom. In today’s experiments usual intensities are ∼10¹⁴ Wcm−2, for more details we refer to the tutorial . In the majority of phenomena in attosecond physics, one can separate the dynamics into a domain “inside” the atom, where atomic forces dominate, and “outside”, where the laser force dominates, a two-step semi-classical model, pioneered by Corkum . Ionization as the transition from “inside” to “outside” of the atom plays a key role for attosecond phenomena. A key quantity is the Keldysh parameter , = }{F} \omega_0=\tau_K\, \omega_0, where Ip denotes the ionization potential of the system (atom or molecule), ω₀ is the central circular frequency of the laser pulse or the laser wave packet (LWP) and F, throughout this work, stands for the peak electric field strength at maximum, and τK denotes the Keldysh time. Hereafter in this work (unless it is clear), atomic units are used, where ℏ = m = e = 1, the Planck constant, the electron mass and the unit charge are all set to 1. At values γK > 1 one expects predominantly photo-ionization or multiphoton ionization (MPI), while at γK < 1 (field-)ionization happens by a tunneling process (for F < Fa), which means that the electron does not have enough energy to ionize directly, and therefore it tunnels (or tunnel-ionizes) through a barrier made by the Coulomb potential and the electric field of the laser pulse and escapes at the exit point to the continuum, as shown in fig [fig:ptc], see the following section. We pay attention to one important case study in attosecond physics, the T-time measurement in ASE performed by Keller and we will refer to it as the Keller ASE (KASE). In this experiment an elliptically polarized laser pulse is used with ω₀ = 0.0619 au (λ = 736 nm), the ellipticity parameter ϵ = 0.87, while the electric field strengths are in the range F = 0.04 − 0.11 and for He atom Ip = 0.90357 au.