Near-Field Wireless Communication and Power Transfer for Biomedical
Implants: Applications, Challenges and Solutions
Abstract
Electronic bio-implanted medical devices are essential due to their
effectiveness in monitoring, disease diagnosis, patient comfort, and
safety. Recently, significant efforts have been undertaken to develop
implantable and wireless telemetric biomedical systems. Topics such as
appropriate near-field wireless communication design, power use,
monitoring devices, high-efficiency energy transfer from external to
internal parts (implanted), high communication rates, and the need for
low energy consumption all significantly influence the advancement of
implantable systems. This study reviews various topics related to
near-field wireless power transfer (WPT)-based biomedical applications,
including WPT types, comparison of WPT types and methods for medical
devices, data transmission for WPT-based modulation techniques, and
biomedical implantable systems-based WPT. In addition, it extracts
research on WPT topologies with related mathematical models—such as
power transfer, transfer efficiency, mutual inductance, quality factor,
and coupling coefficient—from the literature. The article discusses
the effect of specific absorption rate on patient tissue and highlights
challenges and solutions for WPT in biomedical implants. Finally, it
presents current issues and future developments.