The Effects of Anti-Retroviral Therapy on Some Renal Parameters of Hiv
Sero-Positive Individuals in Rivers State, Nigeria
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of antiretroviral therapy on some
renal parameters of HIV seropositive individuals in Rivers State,
Nigeria. A total of 300 HIV patients, who are undergoing treatment were
recruited in this study, aged 20-70 years. They were classified into
three groups; Group 1, made up of HIV sero-Positive infected individuals
on highly antiretroviral therapy as the test subjects. Group 2 was HIV
sero-Positive infected individual but not on highly active
antiretroviral therapy as control 1. Group 3 was HIV sero-negative
individual as control 2. Ethical approval for the study and informed
consent from the participants was obtained. Renal parameters evaluated
were Urea, Creatinine, Na, K, Ca, HCO3 and uric acid. The results were
statistically significantly higher (P<0.05) in Na, K, HC03,
Urea, creatinine and Ca of test subject and control I. compared to
control II. Also, statistically significant increase (P<0.05)
in Na, K, HC03, urea, Creatinine and Ca, of the test subject and control
1 compared to control II. In relation to sex there was also
statistically significant increase (P<0.05) in Na, K, HCo3,
urea, creatinine, Ca of test subject and control I compared to counted
II in relation to Age group groups. Based on duration of therapy, for
HIV positive patients who have been on Highly Active Antiretroviral
Therapy (HAART) for 0-2years, there were no significant increase
(P<0.005) in Na and calcium level, however there was
statistically significant increase (P<0.05) in K, HC03, urea,
creatinine, Ca. For 10 years and above, there was statistically
significant increase (p<+0.05) in Na, K, HC03, urea,
creatinine, Ca, compared to their respective control I and control II.
This study demonstrated that long term administration of HAART to HIV
infected positive subjects could lead to metabolic disorder which could
predispose the patient to high risk of coronary heart disease.