Role of Right ventricular Pulmonary artery coupling in predicting
adverse outcomes after coronary artery by-pass grafting surgery.
Abstract
Introduction: Development of right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) is
associated with adverse clinical outcome in patients doing coronary
artery by-pass grafting (CABG). Right ventricular-pulmonary artery
(RV-PA) coupling which describes the relationship between the RV
systolic function and its afterload has been recently introduced as a
prognostic parameter in multiple patient groups. In this study we
evaluated the prognostic role of TAPSE/PASP ratio as a surrogate for
RV-PA coupling in patients undergoing CABG. Methods: RV-PA coupling was
assessed using the TASPE/PASP ratio. Echocardiography was done within 48
hours pre-operative and within 72 hours post-operative. The primary
endpoint included postoperative RVD and rehospitalization within 3
months. Results: Among 100 patient doing CABG, the mean age was 59 years
with predominant male gender. About 2 thirds of the patients were
hypertensive and more than half of them were diabetic. The mean left
ventricular ejection fraction was 62% and mean RV fractional area
change (FAC) was 50% with mean TAPSE 19 mm and mean TAPSE/PASP of 0.62.
Post-operative RVD developed in 35% of the patients and
re-hospitalization for cardiac reasons occurred in 11%. The independent
predictors of development of post-operative RVD were lower TAPSE/PASP
ratio, presence of diabetes mellitus and higher levels of total
Cholesterol (P-value: 0.03, 0.0001, 0.0001 respectively). The
independent predictors of re-hospitalization were higher triglyceride
levels and lower TAPSE/PASP Ratio (P-value: 0.02 and 0.002
respectively). Conclusion: TAPSE/PASP ratio as a surrogate for RV-PA
coupling is a non-invasive simple bedside tool that can be used to
predict adverse clinical outcomes in patients undergoing coronary artery
by-pass grafting.