Multimodal convergence in the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus: motor,
sensory and theta-frequency inputs influence activity of single neurons
Abstract
The pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus of the brainstem has wide ranging
interconnections and neuronal-behavioural correlates. It is implicated
in the regulation of movement, in sensorimotor integration, and may be
disordered as part of the neuropathology of the movement disorder
Parkinson’s disease. We used single neuron recordings in free moving
rats to determine if neuronal activity showed temporal correlation with
components of skilled forelimb movement. We also tested with tone
stimuli to find if individual neurons respond to both motor and sensory
events. We found that PPTg neurons showed activity modulations time
locked to specific task phases, similar to activity seen elsewhere in
voluntary movement control circuits, such as the motor cortex. Many also
responded to auditory inputs, allowing for sensorimotor integration at
the cellular level. We further tested for effects of acute drug-induced
parkinsonism on the firing rate of the neurons. Acute parkinsonian
akinesia was associated with reduction in resting firing rate and
increased firing regularity, consistent with reduced excitability in
this state. In addition, under normal conditions we detected oscillatory
activity in the theta range in some neurons, particularly during
performance of the reach-to-grasp movement, which often showed temporal
specificity. Together, these data firstly extend the concept of the PPTg
as an integrative structure in generation of complex movements, by
showing that sensory and motor-related information converge on single
neurons; and, secondly for the first time demonstrates that this
function extends to the highly coordinated control of the forelimb
during skilled reach to grasp movement.