Human health is burdened by diverse range diseases, particularly chronic diseases. Free radicals and other oxidants are implicated in development of those diseases as free radicals induced oxidative stress. The antioxidants are salient substances that involve maintaining a normal long life by scavenging the free radicals in the body. Phycocyanin is free radicals’ scavenger with ability to find and tackle the side effects of free radicals; the phycocyanin also possesses other physiological and pharmaceutical properties. This research aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of TiO2 nanoparticles, and reduced graphene oxide titanium dioxide nanoparticles (herein after referred to rGO-TiO2 nanoparticles) under visible light conditions to boost the accumulation of phycocyanin in Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis (FACHB-314) cells. The experimental results indicated that the both nanoparticles exhibited high phycocyanin content accumulation compared to the control group. Under optimized visible light conditions of 165 μmol/m2/s wavelength and continuous lighting with white lights, the phycocyanin content of 80.3 mg/g and maximum yield of phycocyanin production were 97.16 mg/L in the rGO-TiO2 nanoparticles culture; 55.7 mg/g and 81.88 mg/L in the TiO2 nanoparticles culture, compared to 75.5 mg/g and 81.86 in the control culture. The maximum dry weight biomass cells were observed under the control group compared the experimental conditions. These research results indicate that rGO-TiO2 nanoparticles have potential commercial applications due to the excellent properties, and can be used in A. platensis and other microalgae cultivation to optimize productivity.