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The for gene as one of the drivers of foraging variations in a parasitic wasp
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  • aurore gallot,
  • Emmanuel Desouhant,
  • Vincent Lhuillier,
  • david lepetit,
  • Adil El-filali,
  • Laurence Mouton,
  • Cristina Vieira,
  • Isabelle Amat
aurore gallot
Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Emmanuel Desouhant
Université de Lyon
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Vincent Lhuillier
Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
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david lepetit
Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
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Adil El-filali
Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Villeurbanne, France
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Laurence Mouton
Université de Lyon
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Cristina Vieira
Université de Lyon
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Isabelle Amat
Biometrie et biologie evolutive
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Abstract

Foraging behaviours encompass strategies to locate resources and to exploit them. In many taxa these behaviours are controlled by a major gene called for, but mechanisms vary between species. In the parasitoid wasp Venturia canescens, sexual and asexual populations coexist in sympatry but differ in their foraging behaviours. Here we explored the molecular bases underpinning this divergence in foraging behaviours by testing two mutually non-exclusive hypotheses: firstly the divergence in the for gene results in difference in foraging strategies, and second this latter is due to a divergence in whole-genome expression. Using comparative genomics, we showed that the for gene was conserved across insects considering both sequence as well as gene model complexity. Polymorphism analysis did not support the occurrence of two allelic variants diverging across the two populations, yet asexual population exhibited less polymorphism compared to the sexual one. Sexual and asexual transcriptomes sharply split up, with 10.9% of differentially expressed genes, but these were not enriched in behavioural related genes. We showed that the for gene was more expressed in asexual female heads than in sexual ones, and that asexuals were the ones that explored more the environment and exploited more host patches. Overall, these results suggested that a fine tuning in the for gene expression between populations may have led to distinct foraging behaviours. We hypothesized that reproductive polymorphism and coexistence in sympatry of sexual and asexual populations specialized to different ecological niches via divergent optima on phenotypic traits, could imply adaptation through different expression patterns of the for gene and at many other loci throughout the genome.
27 Jul 2022Submitted to Molecular Ecology
01 Sep 2022Submission Checks Completed
01 Sep 2022Assigned to Editor
11 Sep 2022Reviewer(s) Assigned
28 Oct 2022Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
01 Nov 2022Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
25 Nov 20221st Revision Received
25 Nov 2022Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
05 Dec 2022Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
08 Dec 2022Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
08 Dec 20222nd Revision Received
22 Dec 2022Editorial Decision: Accept
26 Dec 2022Published in Molecular Ecology. 10.1111/mec.16834