Community acquired RSV pneumonia in term newborns following relaxation
in COVID appropriate behavior
Abstract
Objectives: To study the profile of community acquired
pneumonia in term newborns during an RSV epidemic following relaxation
in CoVID appropriate behavior.. Design: A retrospective
descriptive observational study based on review of hospital records over
a one month period. Setting: Neonatology division of a tertiary
care pediatric hospital, Kashmir ,India Participants: Neonates
from 7 days upto 28 days of life. Results: Out of total 480
neonatal admissions over a month during an RSV outbreak 35 (7%) had
community acquired pneumonia. Eight neonates were excluded. Out of 27
included neonates 13 were male. Mean age of presentation was 20 days
(R=8-28 days).All babies were born at term.Mean weight was 3.1kgs. Cough
in 26, Rapid breatning in 20 and lower chest indrawing in 20 newborns
were the predominant presenting features. Fever was present in only 3.
Median SPO2 was 87% (R=30-97%). Fourteen (52%) neonates needed
admission to intensive care ward (NICU). Twenty four (89%) neonates
needed respiratory support in the form of oxygen by prongs,14 High flow
nasal canula (HFNC) 4, nasal Continuos Positive Airway Pressure (nCPAP)
4, and Invasive ventilation (IV),2. Mean duration of hospital stay was 3
days. All neonates survived. Conclusion: A series of 27 term
neonates with community acquired pneumonias during an RSV outbreak is
reported in the aftermath of lifting of COVID restrictions. Many of
these pneumonias were severe enough to require significant respiratory
support. The outcome was good in all babies.