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Characterization and cross-protection of experimental infections with SeCoV and two PEDV variants.
  • +8
  • Héctor Puente,
  • Ivan Díaz,
  • Hector Arguello ,
  • Óscar Mencía-Ares,
  • Manuel Gómez-García,
  • Lucía Pérez-Perez,
  • Clara Vega,
  • Marti Cortey,
  • Marga Martín,
  • Pedro Rubio,
  • Ana Carvajal
Héctor Puente
Universidad de Leon Departamento de Sanidad Animal

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Ivan Díaz
IRTA Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA IRTA-UAB) Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Bellaterra Spain
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Hector Arguello
Universidad de Leon Departamento de Sanidad Animal
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Óscar Mencía-Ares
Universidad de Leon Departamento de Sanidad Animal
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Manuel Gómez-García
Universidad de Leon Departamento de Sanidad Animal
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Lucía Pérez-Perez
Universidad de Leon Departamento de Sanidad Animal
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Clara Vega
Universidad de Leon Departamento de Sanidad Animal
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Marti Cortey
Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona Facultat de Veterinaria
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Marga Martín
Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona Facultat de Veterinaria
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Pedro Rubio
Universidad de Leon Departamento de Sanidad Animal
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Ana Carvajal
Universidad de Leon Departamento de Sanidad Animal
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Abstract

Global emergence and re-emergence of Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), an Alphacoronavirus which causes a highly contagious enteric disease, have led to several studies addressing its variability. The aim of this study was to characterize the infection of weaned pigs with Swine enteric coronavirus (SeCoV) -a chimeric virus most likely originated from a recombination event between PEDV and Transmissible gastroenteritis virus, or its mutant Porcine respiratory coronavirus-, and two PEDV G1b variants, including a recently described recombinant PEDV-SeCoV (rPEDV-SeCoV), as well as to determine the degree of cross-protection achieved against the rPEDV-SeCoV. For this purpose, forty-eight 4-week-old weaned pigs were randomly allocated into four groups of 12 animals; piglets in groups B, C and D were orally inoculated with a PEDV variant (B and D) or SeCoV (C), while piglets in group A were mock inoculated and maintained as controls. At day 20 post-infection all groups were exposed to rPEDV-SeCoV; thus, group D was subjected to a homologous re-challenge, groups B and C to a heterologous re-challenge (PEDV/rPEDV-SeCoV and SeCoV/rPEDV-SeCoV, respectively) and group A was primary challenged (-/rPEDV-SeCoV). Clinical signs, viral shedding, microscopic lesions and specific humoral and cellular immune responses (IgG, IgA, neutralizing antibodies and IgA and IFN-γ-secreting cells) were monitored. After primo-infection all three viral strains induced an undistinguishable mild-to-moderate clinical disease with diarrhea as the main sign and villus shortening lesions in the small intestine. In homologous re-challenged pigs, no clinical signs or lesions were observed, and viral shedding was only detected in a single animal. This fact may be explained by the significant high level of rPEDV-SeCoV-specific neutralizing antibodies found in these pigs before the challenge. In contrast, prior exposition to a different PEDV G1b variant or SeCoV only provided partial cross-protection, allowing rPEDV-SeCoV replication and shedding in feces.
18 May 2022Submitted to Transboundary and Emerging Diseases
19 May 2022Submission Checks Completed
19 May 2022Assigned to Editor
13 Jun 2022Reviewer(s) Assigned
01 Jul 2022Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
01 Jul 2022Editorial Decision: Revise Major
13 Jul 20221st Revision Received
13 Jul 2022Submission Checks Completed
13 Jul 2022Assigned to Editor
14 Jul 2022Reviewer(s) Assigned
25 Jul 2022Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
25 Jul 2022Editorial Decision: Accept
25 Aug 2022Published in Transboundary and Emerging Diseases. 10.1111/tbed.14674