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Production of proinflammatory cytokines by expressing Newcastle disease vaccine candidates in corn
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  • Sana Tanveer,
  • Hafiza Ayesha Malik,
  • Naila Shahid,
  • Ibrahim B.Salis,
  • Ayesha Imran,
  • Saira Azam,
  • Ayesha Latif,
  • Aneela Yasmeen,
  • Rida Hameed,
  • Abdul Rao
Sana Tanveer
University of the Punjab

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Hafiza Ayesha Malik
University of the Punjab
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Naila Shahid
University of the Punjab
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Ibrahim B.Salis
Federal University Dutse
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Ayesha Imran
University of the Punjab
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Saira Azam
University of the Punjab
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Ayesha Latif
University of the Punjab
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Aneela Yasmeen
University of the Punjab
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Rida Hameed
University of the Punjab
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Abdul Rao
University of the Punjab
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Abstract

The efficacy of a plant-based vaccine produced in maize by expressing F and HN immunogenic proteins under a seed-specific promoter against NDV genotype VII was assessed using cell-mediated responses in chickens. Using real-time PCR, the mRNA expression of F and HN PCR confirmed maize plants was compared to non-transgenic control plants on a relative basis. F and HN genes mRNA expression was found to be 20 and 60 times higher in corn seeds than in leaves, respectively. In maize seeds, 35 ug/ml of F protein, or 0.6 percent of total protein, and 41 ug/ml of HN protein, or 0.85 percent of total protein, were found using ELISA. The boost in cell-mediated immune response was evaluated in chickens fed with transgenic corn seeds in comparison with control groups. The qPCR analysis showed an increase in the expression of Interleukin-1 (IL-1), Interleukin-2 (IL-2), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-8 (IL-8), Interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-15 (IL-15), Interferon-α, Interferon-β, Interferon-γ, and CCL3 when evaluated at 0-day, 7th day, 14th day, 21st day, 28th day and 35th day in chickens receiving transgenic diet as compared to group 1 receiving non-transgenic diet. The increase in cytokines production was comparable with group 3 immunized with conventional market vaccine. Furthermore, anti-NDV antibodies were also found in the serum of chickens given maize containing immunogenic proteins, but not in the serum of chickens fed a normal diet, demonstrating the specificity of the antibodies created through feeding. The data suggest that oral edible vaccinations are more useful in the chicken industry than in injectables.
Apr 2023Published in Journal of King Saud University - Science volume 35 issue 3 on pages 102537. 10.1016/j.jksus.2022.102537