Abstract: Objective To investigate the efficacy and prognosis of obesity in the treatment of children with capillary bronchitis. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 200 children with capillary bronchitis hospitalized in our hospital from January 2015 to January 2016 was performed. Results: After nebulization treatment, the total effective rate was significantly higher in the normal weight group than in the obese group (93.3% vs 65.5％, p＜0.005, x2=19.77). And the significantly effective rate was higher in the normal weight group than in the obese group (53.3% vs 36％, p=0.008, x2=5.76). The children in the normal weight group had a significantly shorter duration of coughing, wheezing and croup than those in the obese group, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). In the normal weight group, the proportions of recurrent wheezing episodes and confirmed asthma were significantly lower than those in the obese group, among which the proportions of wheezing episodes >1, wheezing episodes >3 and confirmed asthma were significantly different (p<0.05). The results of univariate and logistic regression analyses showed that obesity may be a risk factor for the development of asthma in children with capillary bronchitis. Conclusion Obesity has a negative impact on the treatment and prognosis of children with capillary bronchitis and significantly increases the chance of developing asthma in the future, suggesting a new direction for the future treatment of capillary bronchitis that deserves attention.