Objective To study the clinical efficiency of laparoscopic sacroopexy and vaginal sacrospinous ligament fixation in the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse. Design Retrospective analysis of clinical cases Setting China Population or sample A total of 115 patients admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from April 2015 to October 2019. Methods According to different surgical methods, they were divided into two groups. Statistical analysis was performed on the general condition, intraoperative condition, postoperative follow-up subjective recovery and postoperative complications of the enrolled patients. Main outcome measures Clinical efficacy of two different surgical methods in the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse. Results The general information (age,pregnancy history, delivery history, the time of menopause, BMI) and clinical POP-Q stage of the patients were compared, and the results showed that there are no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). Compared with the LSC group, SSLF group showed significant statistical differences in operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative retention time of urinary catheter, and total cost of hospitalization (P <0.05). The difference of hemoglobin between the SSLF group and the LSC group was statistically significant (P <0.001). In postoperative follow-up, the subjective total cure rate of SSLF and LSC was 95.89% and 86.11% respectively. There was no statistical difference in the subjective cure rate between the two surgical methods (x2 =3.390, P=0.066). Conclusion During the intraoperative and postoperative follow-up, there were statistical differences in multiple factors, indicating that there are differences between the two surgical methods in clinical treatment.