Feasibility study of oxidized naringin as a novel crosslinking agent for
crosslinking decellularized porcine Achilles tendon and its potential
application for anterior cruciate ligament repair
Abstract
Naringin (Nar), a natural flavanone glycoside, has been shown to possess
a variety of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory,
anti-apoptotic and bone formation, etc. In this study, Nar was oxidized
by sodium periodate and the oxidized naringin (ONar) was used as a novel
biological crosslinking agent. And ONar-fixed porcine decellularized
Achilles tendon (DAT) was developed to substitute anterior cruciate
ligament (ACL) for researching a novel ACL replacement materials. The
ONar with a 24 h oxidation time had appropriate aldehyde group content,
almost no cytotoxicity, and a good crosslinking effect. The critical
characteristics and cytocompatibility of ONar-fixed DAT were also
investigated. The results demonstrated that 1% ONar-fixed DAT exhibited
good resistance to enzymatic degradation and thermal stability as well
as suitable mechanical strength. Moreover, 1% ONar-fixed specimens
exhibited excellent L929 fibroblasts-cytocompatibility and
MC3T3-E1-cytocompatibility. They also promoted the secretion of
hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)
from fibroblasts and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) from
osteoblasts. And they also showed the good anti-inflammatory properties
in vivo experiments. Our data provided an experimental basis for ONar as
a new cross-linking reagent in chemical modification of DAT and
ONar-fixed DAT for ACL repair.