Background Diabetic neuropathy is a complication seen in diabetic patients and involves motor, sensory or autonomic nerve fibres due to minor vessel damage. Aims This study was planned to determine the knowledge and awareness levels of physicians working in family health centres about diabetic neuropathy and their approach to diabetic neuropathy. Methodology Our study is a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in 111 family health centres in Denizli. The data were obtained by face to face questionnaire method. Results Of the 219 people participating in the study, 70.8% (n = 155) were male and 6.8% (n = 15) were family medicine specialists. 52.5% (n = 115) of the participants allocated 6-10 minutes of examination time to diabetes mellitus patients, 77.6% (n = 170) did not receive diabetic neuropathy training after graduation, and 44.3% (n = 97) ) had not previously diagnosed any patient with diabetic neuropathy. 74.4% of the participants (n = 163) stated that they did not use any diabetic neuropathy diagnosis and screening tests in their daily practice. 31% (n = 68) of the participants stated that their level of knowledge on diabetic neuropathy was either poor or very poor. 45.7% of the participants (n = 100) thought diabetic neuropathy screening, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up could be made in primary care. 89.5% (n = 196) of the participants stated that they needed training on diabetic neuropathy. Those who rely on their knowledge and clinical experience in diagnosing, monitoring and treating diabetic neuropathy were 44.3% of the participants (n = 97). Conclusion Although diabetic neuropathy is one of the most critical complications of diabetes mellitus, there is a severe insufficiency in postgraduate education in primary health care services. Simple tests and methods for physicians working in primary care should be included in the daily polyclinic routine.