The Effectiveness of Rectal Aspiration Biopsy in the Diagnosis of
Hirschsprung's Disease
Abstract
Purpose: In this prospective cross secitonal study, we aimed to
investigate the adequacy, sensivity and specifity of rectal aspiration
biopsy samples as the standart diagnosis of patients suspected HD for
the histopathological diagnosis Material and methods: The study was
performed between november 2016 and march 2018. We prospectively
included 24 patients aged between 0-3 years that suspicious with HD to
the study. After Rectosigmoid index (RSI) were calculated according to
the contrast enhanced colon graphy, Patients who RSI<1 were
performed rectal aspiration biopsy with the suspicious of HD. All
patients’ clinical features, treatment options, complications,
laboratory results and radiological findings were recorded for further
analyses. Biopsy specimens were evaluated by the specialist patholog and
findings were recorded. Results: There were no ganglion on the specimens
of rectal aspiration biopsy in 10(%41.6) patients and diagnosed as HD.
Ganglion cell was detected in 5(%20.8) patients and diagnosis of HD was
excluded. Inadequate or suspicious biopsy specimens for
histopathological evaluation was observed in 9(%37.5) patients. If the
biopsy volume was greater than 4 mm3, sensitivity was 80% and
specificity was 66.67% in diagnosis of HH (AUC = 0.789); If the
Submucosa / Mucosa ratio is greater than 0.75 or the submucosa is
greater than 0.42, the sensitivity and the specificity were 86.67% and
66.67%, respectively. Conclusion: In this prospective cross-sectional
study, we demonstrated that rectal aspiration biopsy in the diagnosis of
HD is easily feasible, safe, has higher sensitivity and specificity, and
lower complication rates.