Pesudorabies (PR), also called Aujeszky’s disease, is a highly infectious disaster caused by Pseudorabies virus (PRV). Without specific host tropism, PRV can therefore infect a wide variety of mammals, including pig, sheep, cattle, etc., causing severe neurological symptoms and acute death. This pathogen was first reported in China in 1950s, while outbreaks of variant PRV strains have been documented in partial regions since 2011, leading significant economic losses to swine industry in this country. Although Chinese scientists have made lots of efforts in the design of diagnostic approaches and the development of vaccines during the past years, PRV remains a vital pathogen widely spread in China and poses huge threats to the country’s pig industry. Especially, its potential threat to human has also been described recently. In this review we provide a summary of current understanding of PRV by mainly focusing on the prevalence of PR in China, cases of human infection by PRV, the existing diagnosis methods for the detection and the available vaccines against its infection. Additionally, promising agents including traditional Chinese herbal medicines and novel inhibitors that may be employed to treat this viral infection, are also discussed.