Improving discrete element simulations of sea ice break up: Applications
to Nares Strait
Abstract
Particle methods can provide detailed descriptions of sea ice dynamics
that explicitly model fracture and discontinuities in the ice, which are
difficult to capture with traditional continuum approaches. We use the
ParticLS software library to develop a discrete element method (DEM)
model for sea ice dynamics at regional scales and smaller
(<100 km). We model the sea ice as a collection of discrete
rigid particles that are initially bonded together using a cohesive beam
model that approximates the response of an Euler-Bernoulli beam located
between particle centroids. Ice fracture and lead formation are
determined based on the value of a non-local stress state around each
particle and a Mohr-Coulomb fracture model. Therefore, large ice floes
are modeled as continuous objects made up of many bonded particles that
can interact with each other, deform, and fracture. We generate
realistic particle configurations by discretizing the ice in MODIS
satellite imagery into polygonal floes that fill the ice shape and
extent that occurred in nature. The model is tested on ice advecting
through an idealized channel and through Nares Strait. The results
indicate that the bonded DEM model is capable of capturing the behavior
of sea ice over a wide range of spatial scales, as well as the dynamic
sea ice patterns through constrictions (arching, lead formation).