loading page

The impact of Radial and Non-Radial IMF on the Earth's Magnetopause Size and Shape, and Dawn-Dusk Asymmetry from Global 3D Kinetic Simulations
  • +1
  • Suleiman Baraka,
  • Olivier Le Contel Le Contel,
  • Lotfi Ben-Jaffel,
  • Bill Moore
Suleiman Baraka
National Institute of Aerospace, National Institute of Aerospace, National Institute of Aerospace

Corresponding Author:suleiman.baraka@nianet.org

Author Profile
Olivier Le Contel Le Contel
CNRS/Ecole Polytechnique/Sorbonne Université/Université Paris-Saclay/Obser. de Paris, CNRS/Ecole Polytechnique/Sorbonne Université/Université Paris-Saclay/Obser. de Paris, CNRS/Ecole Polytechnique/Sorbonne Université/Université Paris-Saclay/Obser. de Paris
Author Profile
Lotfi Ben-Jaffel
Institut d'Astrophysique de Plasma, Institut d'Astrophysique de Plasma, Institut d'Astrophysique de Plasma
Author Profile
Bill Moore
National Institute of Aerospace, National Institute of Aerospace, National Institute of Aerospace
Author Profile

Abstract

The boundary between the solar wind (SW) and the Earth’s magnetosphere, the magnetopause (MP), is highly dynamic. Its location and shape depend on SW dynamic pressure and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) orientation. We use a 3D kinetic Particle-In-Cell code (IAPIC) to simulate an event observed by THEMIS spacecraft on July 16, 2007. We investigate the impact of radial (θBx=0◦) and nonradial (θBx=50◦) IMF on the shape and size of Earth’s MP for a dipole tilt of 31◦ using maximum density gradient and pressure balance methods. Using the Shue model as a reference (MP at 10.3 RE), we find that for quasi-radial IMF the MP expands by 1.4 and 1.7RE along the sun-Earth (OX) and tilted magnetic (Tilt) axes, respectively, and it expands by 0.5 and 1.6RE for radial IMF along the same respective axes. When the effect of backstreaming ions is removed from the bulk flow, the expansion ranges are 1.0 and 1.3RE and 0.2, and 1.2RErespectively. It is found that the percentage of backstreaming to bulk flow ions are 16.5%, and 20% for radial and non-radial IMF. We also show that when the backstreaming ions are not resolved, up to 40% of the observed expansion that is due to backstreaming particles can be inadvertently attributed to a change in the SW upstream properties. Finally, we quantified the temperature anisotropy in the magnetosheath, and observe a strong dawn-dusk asymmetry in the MP location.
Oct 2021Published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics volume 126 issue 10. 10.1029/2021JA029528