Insights into Water Mass Circulation and Origins in the Central Arctic
Ocean from in-situ Dissolved Organic Matter Fluorescence.
Abstract
The Arctic Ocean receives a large loading of dissolved organic matter
(DOM) from its catchment and shelf sediments, which can be traced across
much of the basin. This signature can be used as a tracer of water mass
circulation. On the shelf seas, the combination of freshwater loading
from rivers and ice formation modify water mass densities and mixing
considerably. These waters are the source of the halocline layer that
covers much of the Arctic ocean. Our knowledge of the origins, formation
and maintenance of the halocline has mostly arisen from CTD profiles and
chemical tracers such as oxygen stable isotopes and inorganic nutrients,
but the halocline also contains elevated levels of DOM (DOM). Here we
demonstrate how this can be used as a tracer and help improve our
understanding of ocean circulation. DOM fluoresce can be measured using
in-situ fluorometers and mounted on autonomous platforms these can
provide high spatial resolution measurements. Here we present data
derived from several Ice Tethered Profilers. The data offer a unique
spatial coverage of the distribution of DOM in the surface 800m below
Arctic ice. Water mass analysis using temperature, salinity and DOM
fluorescence, clearly distinguishs the halocline contribution of
Siberian terrestrial DOM and marine DOM from the Chuckchi shelf. The
findings offer a new approach to trace the distribution of Pacific
waters and its export from the Arctic Ocean. Our results indicate the
potential to extend the approach to fraction freshwater contributions
from, sea ice melt, riverine discharge and Pacific water.