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Динамика изменения количества природоохранных зон в России и мире
АннотацияСтатья посвящена исследованию объекта Викиданных “природоохранная зона”.С помощью SPARQL-запросов были решены следующие задачи: выведен список всех экземпляров объекта “природоохранная зона”, выведен список всех экземпляров объекта “природоохранная зона”, находящихся на территории России, построена столбчатая диаграмма, отображающая динамику изменения количества новых природоохранных зон в России и в мире по десятилетиям, построена пузырьковая диаграмма, отображающая соотношение количества природоохранных зон в разных странах.
Также был произведен анализ полноты Викиданных, дополнена информация у 100 экземпляров объекта “природоохранная зона”.
Energy, Economy & Society, Assignment 2
and 1 collaborator
TÍTULO DEL ARTÍCULO
Evergreen API for GREIS Raw Data Manipulation
and 1 collaborator
Psychotherapy guidebook
and 4 collaborators
A tutorial on GRADE and how to use GRADEPro
Scholarly Article
Super Abilities first mutant
Wisconsin v. Yoder
A cidade na arte e a arte na cidade: Vistas urbanas no Brasil do século XIX
Durante o século XIX, artistas e viajantes estavam intensamente
explorando o contexto natural e cultural do Brasil.
Relatos de exploradores estrangeiros, a pintura acadêmica e
os primórdios da fotografia eram instrumentos privilegiados
para se transmitir a aparência visível e,
principalmente, construir um discurso sobre
o caráter moral e histórico da nação.
Esse discurso, pautado, segundo Fedatto,
pelo princípio de uma "singularidade brasileira" \cite{Fedatto_2013},
oscila entre a afirmação de uma identidade nacional fixa
e o conformismo diante da natureza sobrepujando a civilização.
Ambas abordagens se refletem nas pacatas vistas urbanas
produzidas pelos artistas brasileiros e estrangeiros ao longo
da maior parte do século XIX.
Em contraste com as academias europeias,
defensoras da hierarquia dos gêneros de pintura,
o contexto artístico brasileiro era de predomínio
da pintura de gênero e, secundariamente, da paisagem \cite{Squeff_2012}.
Esses dois domínios se confundem na representação de cenas urbanas,
que gozam, no Brasil, de papel informativo e estético peculiar.
Como uma espécie de exotismo para dentro, essas obras,
expostas nos Salões de Belas Artes ou compondo coleções particulares,
tecem um discurso político e etnográfico sobre
a cidade real vivenciada pelo artista e a civilização urbana por ele imaginada.
A literatura do início do século XX, programaticamente comprometida com
um projeto de modernização cultural, teve relativo sucesso em
relegar essa figuração da civilização oitocentista ao papel de
modorrento retrato do atraso nacional \cite{Bernd_1992}.
A presente pesquisa desconstrói essa imagem,
apontando o locus ideológico e estético da vista urbana
no entendimento do que seja a natureza da cidade brasileira.
De um lado, afirma-se o papel político que tem a vista urbana
na elaboração de uma ordem administrativa centralista
e hierarquizada — evidenciada pela predominância de panoramas
de cidades administrativas e, dentro dessas,
de palácios governamentais ou igrejas associadas ao poder imperial.
Do outro, resgata-se a categoria estética do sublime \cite{Naxara_2004}
como contraponto ao totalitarismo da mensagem política.
Nesse registro, a cidade brasileira é apropriada enquanto
intromissão de um ideal civilizador na onipotência da Natureza,
percebida, em última análise, como o elemento definidor do Brasil.
Trata-se, ao mesmo tempo, de uma visão que aplasta as diferenças
políticas, sociais e regionais.
A cidade é apresentada sob o prisma de sua unidade num panorama distante
ou na representatividade de um monumento, ao passo que
os conflitos sociais e a identidade dos lugares
— capturados pelos viajantes estrangeiros do início do século XIX —
desaparecem temporariamente do registro visual.
Paradoxalmente, é com a influência do impressionismo e do realismo
na pintura brasileira que se perde essa dupla leitura
do projeto civilizador e de sua limitação diante do sublime.
Nesse momento, ao final do século XIX, as perspectivas se restringem,
a fotografia documenta os estertores de um regime político,
da instituição escravista e de bairros inteiros apagados pela
marcha do progresso republicano.
MELLO, Heitor de
and 1 collaborator
b Rio de Janeiro, 1876; d Rio de Janeiro, 15 Aug 1920
Brazilian architect
Fluorescein-guided resection of ependymomas - a short series
Building
Hey, welcome. Double click anywhere on the text to start writing. In addition to simple text you can also add text formatted in boldface, italic, and yes, math too: E = mc2! Add images by drag’n’drop or click on the “Insert Figure” button.
Improved surface temperature estimates with MASTER / AVIRIS sensor fusion
and 4 collaborators
Kinetic temperature exerts a measurable effect on most physical processes, and is explicitly used as an input to model both plant water stress \cite{jackson1981canopy} and evapotranspiration \cite{monteith1965evaporation, allen1998crop}.
Kinetic temperature exerts a measurable effect on most physical processes, and is explicitly used as an input to model ecological processes such as photosynthesis \cite{Townsend_1992}, leaf litter decomposition \cite{Fierer_2005}, and evapotranspiration \cite{Courault_2005}. Evapotranspiration is a process of particular interest to farmers and water managers in arid drought prone regions such as California, where the 2012 nut and fruit crop receipts alone totaled 18.7 billion dollars (CDFA, 2013-2014). The economic impact from the 2014 California drought is not yet known, but caps on total water allotment (30% of 2013 levels) \cite{howitt2014preliminary} to the San Joaquin Valley forces difficult decisions for farmers: inefficient watering may bring a particular crop to harvest, at the cost of available water to other fields; water a crop too little and it will undergo cavitation and wilt, ruining the harvest. Severe cavitation due to under watering requires replanting, with loss of productivity stretching over years for perennial crops such as vineyards. Accurate modeling of temperature and evapotranspiration can provide farmers with robust estimates of water demand and enable more conservative agricultural water use to salvage a harvest or keep orchards alive, reducing the human impact of drought.
While in situ measurements are valuable tools for farmers, the size and scope of agriculture25.4 million acres and 80,500 farms in 2012 for California alone (CDFA, 2013-2014)underscore the necessity for regional scale remotely sensed temperature estimates that are accurate. The accuracy of temperature estimates are particularly important for physical processes like evapotranspiration, which is driven by the temperature gradient between the air and leaves, and can be less than 1K \cite{Jarvis_1986}. Current remotely sensed temperature estimates typically have errors on the order of 1K when averaged over all surface types \cite{Hulley_2012}; however, errors up to 4K are typical for spectral greybodies such as vegetation \cite{gustafson2006revisions}, due to both uncertainty in emissivity and moister atmospheric profiles present over large contiguous vegetation patches. Errors as large as 3K-8K can occur over vegetation in humid conditions \cite{tonooka2005accurate}, and even in less humid mediterranean climates robust atmospheric correction of thermal data is essential to provide operational data to farmers and resource managers.
AASTex (v6.1) example article for Authorea
This example manuscript is intended to serve as a tutorial and template for authors to use when writing their own AAS Journal articles with Authorea. The manuscript includes a history of and documents the new features in the previous version, 6.0, as well as the new features in version 6.1. This manuscript includes figure and table examples to illustrate these new features. Authorea features a rich text editor so that you can write in LaTeX, Markdown, or rich text and render directly on the web. Authorea supports and renders the vast majority of LaTeX notation needed for AAS Journal articles. A few features provided by AASTex v6.1. that are not available in Authorea have been listed in this document. Authors are welcome replace the text, tables, figures, and bibliography with their own and submit the resulting manuscript to the AAS Journals peer review system. The first lesson in the tutorial is to remind authors that the AAS Journals, the Astrophysical Journal (ApJ), the Astrophysical Journal Letters (ApJL), and Astronomical Journal (AJ), all have a 250 word limit for the abstract. If you exceed this length the Editorial office will ask you to shorten it.
AASTex (v6.1) example article for Authorea
This example manuscript is intended to serve as a tutorial and template for authors to use when writing their own AAS Journal articles with Authorea. The manuscript includes a history of and documents the new features in the previous version, 6.0, as well as the new features in version 6.1. This manuscript includes figure and table examples to illustrate these new features. Authorea features a rich text editor so that you can write in LaTeX, Markdown, or rich text and render directly on the web. Authorea supports and renders the vast majority of LaTeX notation needed for AAS Journal articles. A few features provided by AASTex v6.1. that are not available in Authorea have been listed in this document. Authors are welcome replace the text, tables, figures, and bibliography with their own and submit the resulting manuscript to the AAS Journals peer review system. The first lesson in the tutorial is to remind authors that the AAS Journals, the Astrophysical Journal (ApJ), the Astrophysical Journal Letters (ApJL), and Astronomical Journal (AJ), all have a 250 word limit for the abstract. If you exceed this length the Editorial office will ask you to shorten it.
Microelectronics Reliability Template
Title
CudaHashedNet Midterm Report
and 1 collaborator
As available datasets increase in size, machine learning models can successfully use more and more parameters. In applications such as computer vision, models with up to 144 million \cite{simonyan2014very} parameters are not uncommon and reach state-of-the-art performance. Experts can train and deploy such models on large machines, but effective use of lower-resource hardware such as commodity laptops or even mobile phones remains a challenge.
One way to address the challenge of large models is through model compression using hashing \cite{hashnets}. In general, this amounts to reducing a parameter set S = {s0, s1, ...sD} to a greatly reduced set R = {r0, r1, ..., rd} with d ≪ D by randomly tying parameters to hash buckets (si = rh(i)). This turned out to perform very well for neural networks, leading to the so-called HashedNets.
Many machine learning models involve several linear projections representable by matrix-vector products W ⋅ x where x is input data and W consists of model parameters. In most such models, this linear algebra operation is the performance bottleneck; neural networks, in particular, chain a large number of matrix-vector products, intertwined with non-linearities. In terms of dimensionality, modern systems deal with millions training samples xi lying in possibly high-dimensional spaces. The shape of W, (dout, din), depends on how deep a layer is in a network: at the first layer, din depends on the data being processed, while dout at the final layer depends on the desired system output (i.e., dout = 1 for binary classification, and dout = p if the output can fall in p classes). In middle layers, dimensionality is up to the model designer, and increasing it can make the model more powerful but bigger and slower. Notably, middle layers often have square Wh. When W is stored in a reduced hashed format Wh, many common trade-offs may change.
The goal of our project is to explore the performance bottlenecks of the Wh ⋅ x operation where Wh is a hashed representation of an array that stays constant for many inputs xi. Since neural networks are typically trained with batches of input vectors x concatenated into an input matrix X, we will look at the general case of matrix-matrix multiplication, where the left matrix is in a reduced hashed format Wh ⋅ X.
Taking advantage of massively parallel GPU architecture can be important even when dealing with smaller models. In March 2015, Nvidia announced a SoC for mobile devices with a GPU performance of 1 teraflop, the Tegra X1 \cite{tegra}; we foresee future mobile devices to have stronger and stronger GPUs.
The objectives of our project are to:
Investigate fast applications of Wh ⋅ X when Wh is small enough to be fully loaded into memory. In this case, is it faster to first materialize the hashed array and use existing fast linear algebra routines? Can the product be computed faster on a GPU with minimal memory overhead? This can lead to highly efficient deployment of powerful models on commodity hardware or phones.
Analyze performance when even after hashing Wh is too big. In the seminal work that popularized the usage large scale deep convolutional neural networks and training using the GPU \cite{krizhevsky2012imagenet}, Krizhevsky predicts that GPUs with more memory can lead to bigger networks with better performance. Hashing-based compression can help practitioners prototype very large models on their laptops before deciding which configuration to spend cloud computing resources on. Can we make HashedNets training on GPUs efficient? This may involve forcing a predictable split on the hash function to allow for independent division of work.
GeneCompressor: A gene based summary of variant calls
and 3 collaborators
Python