Ecological niche models
The ecological niche of each clade was modeled by estimating the niche ellipsoid with the “ntbox” package (Osorio-Olvera et al., 2020a) in R 4.1.2 (R Core Team, 2021). Niche ellipsoids are a useful approximation to the fundamental niche of a species and hence, allow for a functional interpretation of the suitability values across clades (Osorio-Olvera et al., 2019; Osorio-Olvera et al., 2020b). The niche ellipsoid represented the 95% confidence ellipsoid used by the clade in the multivariate space built with bioclimatic data (Osorio-Olvera et al., 2020a). We used the occurrence points from each genetic group, retaining 30% of the data as a testing set. We determined the best model to describe the distribution of the genetic clades considering a subset of 3 or 4 variables from the bioclimatic variables after randomly removing one of each pair with a correlation higher than 0.95. The best model was selected based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).